ADVERTISEMENT
  • News
  • Technology
  • Culture
  • Entertainment
  • Sport
  • Travel
  • Music
  • More
    • Politics
    • Lifestyle
    • TV
    • Games
Thursday, June 1, 2023
  • Login
No Result
View All Result
NEWSLETTER
FINCHANNEL
  • Home
  • Business
    • BANKS
      • GeoBanks
    • Finance
    • Insurance
    • Markets
    • Pharmacy
    • Press Releases
    • RealEstate
    • RealEstate
    • Finance
    • Insurance
    • Banks
      • GeoBanks
    • Markets
    • Press Releases
    • Personal Finance
  • World
    • America
    • Europe
    • Georgia
      • Media
    • Ukraine
    • Europe
    • Georgia
      • Media
    • Ukraine
    • Americas
    • UK local news
  • Travel
    • Hotels in Georgia
    • Tours in Georgia
  • Videos
    • Promos
    • Soundslides
    • TheClinics
    • TheHoteliers
    • TheUniversities
    • TheHoteliers
    • TheClinics
    • TheUniversities
    • BestWorkplaces
    • Soundslides
    • Promos
    • Banking Forum
      • Promos
      • Soundslides
      • TheClinics
      • TheHoteliers
      • TheUniversities
  • Opinion
    • Editorial
      • Analysis
      • GORBI
      • OP-ED
      • VISA Editorial
    • Analysis
    • Gorbi
    • Book reviews
  • Tech
  • Interview
  • People
    • CityLife
    • Health & Beauty
      • Coronavirus
    • LifeStyle
    • Employment
      • MyCareer
    • Education
    • Media
    • Celebrities
  • Oil&Auto
    • Auto
    • Energy
  • EN
    • EN
    • GE
  • Home
  • Business
    • BANKS
      • GeoBanks
    • Finance
    • Insurance
    • Markets
    • Pharmacy
    • Press Releases
    • RealEstate
    • RealEstate
    • Finance
    • Insurance
    • Banks
      • GeoBanks
    • Markets
    • Press Releases
    • Personal Finance
  • World
    • America
    • Europe
    • Georgia
      • Media
    • Ukraine
    • Europe
    • Georgia
      • Media
    • Ukraine
    • Americas
    • UK local news
  • Travel
    • Hotels in Georgia
    • Tours in Georgia
  • Videos
    • Promos
    • Soundslides
    • TheClinics
    • TheHoteliers
    • TheUniversities
    • TheHoteliers
    • TheClinics
    • TheUniversities
    • BestWorkplaces
    • Soundslides
    • Promos
    • Banking Forum
      • Promos
      • Soundslides
      • TheClinics
      • TheHoteliers
      • TheUniversities
  • Opinion
    • Editorial
      • Analysis
      • GORBI
      • OP-ED
      • VISA Editorial
    • Analysis
    • Gorbi
    • Book reviews
  • Tech
  • Interview
  • People
    • CityLife
    • Health & Beauty
      • Coronavirus
    • LifeStyle
    • Employment
      • MyCareer
    • Education
    • Media
    • Celebrities
  • Oil&Auto
    • Auto
    • Energy
  • EN
    • EN
    • GE
No Result
View All Result
FINCHANNEL
No Result
View All Result
Home Education

Most precise accounting yet of dark energy and dark matter

by The FINANCIAL News
October 22, 2022
in Education, Energy
0
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Analyzing more than two decades’ worth of supernova explosions, astrophysicists better understand composition, evolution of universe.Astrophysicists have performed a powerful new analysis that places the most precise limits yet on the composition and evolution of the universe. With this analysis, dubbed Pantheon+, cosmologists find themselves at a crossroads.

ADVERTISEMENT

Pantheon+ convincingly finds that the cosmos is composed of about two-thirds dark energy and one-third matter — mostly in the form of dark matter — and is expanding at an accelerating pace over the last several billion years. However, Pantheon+ also cements a major disagreement over the pace of that expansion that has yet to be solved.

By putting prevailing modern cosmological theories, known as the Standard Model of Cosmology, on even firmer evidentiary and statistical footing, Pantheon+ further closes the door on alternative frameworks accounting for dark energy and dark matter. Both are bedrocks of the Standard Model of Cosmology but have yet to be directly detected and rank among the model’s biggest mysteries. Following through on the results of Pantheon+, researchers can now hone explanations for the ostensible cosmos.

RelatedPosts

Recruitment firms are not effective if you want to make a big career change

10 Reasons the Energy Mix Matters Now More Than Ever

Algorithms and robots are missing relational expertise

Young men who continue their education are 52% less likely to commit crime

“With these Pantheon+ results, we are able to put the most precise constraints on the dynamics and history of the universe to date,” says Dillon Brout, an Einstein Fellow at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian. “We’ve combed over the data and can now say with more confidence than ever before how the universe has evolved over the eons and that the current best theories for dark energy and dark matter hold strong.”

Brout is the lead author of a series of papers describing the new Pantheon+ analysis, published jointly today in a special issue of The Astrophysical Journal.

Pantheon+ is based on the largest dataset of its kind, comprising more than 1,500 stellar explosions called Type Ia supernovae. These bright blasts occur when white dwarf stars — remnants of stars like our sun — accumulate too much mass and undergo a runaway thermonuclear reaction. Because Type Ia supernovae outshine entire galaxies, the stellar detonations can be glimpsed at distances exceeding 10 billion light years, or back through about three-quarters of the universe’s total age. Given that the supernovae blaze with nearly uniform intrinsic brightnesses, scientists can use the explosions’ apparent brightness, which diminishes with distance, along with redshift measurements as markers of time and space. That information, in turn, reveals how fast the universe expands during different epochs, which is then used to test theories of the fundamental components of the universe.

“We’ve combed over the data and can now say with more confidence than ever before how the universe has evolved over the eons and that the current best theories for dark energy and dark matter hold strong.”
— Dillon Brout, Center for Astrophysics fellow

The breakthrough discovery in 1998 of the universe’s accelerating growth was thanks to a study of Type Ia supernovae in this manner. Scientists attribute the expansion to an invisible energy, therefore monikered dark energy, inherent to the fabric of the universe itself. Subsequent decades of work have continued to compile ever-larger datasets, revealing supernovae across an even wider range of space and time, and Pantheon+ has now brought them together into the most statistically robust analysis to date.

“In many ways, this latest Pantheon+ analysis is a culmination of more than two decades’ worth of diligent efforts by observers and theorists worldwide in deciphering the essence of the cosmos” says Adam Riess, one of the winners of the 2011 Nobel Prize in physics for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe and the Bloomberg Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University and the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland. Riess is also an alum of Harvard University, holding a Ph.D. in astrophysics.

Brout’s own career in cosmology traces back to his undergraduate years at JHU, where he was taught and advised by Riess. There Brout worked with then-Ph.D.-student and Riess-advisee Dan Scolnic, who is now an assistant professor of physics at Duke University and another co-author on the new series of papers.

Several years ago, Scolnic developed the original Pantheon analysis of approximately 1,000 supernovae.

Now, Brout and Scolnic and their new Pantheon+ team have added some 50 percent more supernovae data points in Pantheon+, coupled with improvements in analysis techniques and addressing potential sources of error, which ultimately has yielded twice the precision of the original Pantheon.

Taking the data as a whole, the new analysis holds that 66.2 percent of the universe manifests as dark energy, with the remaining 33.8 percent being a combination of dark matter and matter. To arrive at even more comprehensive understanding of the constituent components of the universe at different epochs, Brout and colleagues combined Pantheon+ with other strongly evidenced, independent and complementary measures of the large-scale structure of the universe and with measurements from the earliest light in the universe, the cosmic microwave background.

Another key Pantheon+ result relates to one of the paramount goals of modern cosmology: nailing down the current expansion rate of the universe, known as the Hubble constant. Pooling the Pantheon+ sample with data from the SH0ES (Supernova H0 for the Equation of State) collaboration, led by Riess, results in the most stringent local measurement of the current expansion rate of the universe.

Pantheon+ and SH0ES together find a Hubble constant of 73.4 kilometers per second per megaparsec with only 1.3 percent uncertainty. Stated another way, for every megaparsec, or 3.26 million light years, the analysis estimates that in the nearby universe, space itself is expanding at more than 160,000 miles per hour.

However, observations from an entirely different epoch of the universe’s history predict a different story. Measurements of the universe’s earliest light, the cosmic microwave background, when combined with the current Standard Model of Cosmology, consistently peg the Hubble constant at a rate that is significantly less than observations taken via Type Ia supernovae and other astrophysical markers. This sizable discrepancy between the two methodologies has been termed the Hubble tension.

The new Pantheon+ and SH0ES datasets heighten this Hubble tension. In fact, the tension has now passed the important 5-sigma threshold (about one-in-a-million odds of arising due to random chance) that physicists use to distinguish between possible statistical flukes and something that must accordingly be understood. Reaching this new statistical level highlights the challenge for both theorists and astrophysicists to try and explain the Hubble constant discrepancy.

“We thought it would be possible to find clues to a novel solution to these problems in our dataset, but instead we’re finding that our data rules out many of these options and that the profound discrepancies remain as stubborn as ever,” says Brout.

The Pantheon+ results could help point to where the solution to the Hubble tension lies. “Many recent theories have begun pointing to exotic new physics in the very early universe, however such unverified theories must withstand the scientific process and the Hubble tension continues to be a major challenge,” says Brout.

Overall, Pantheon+ offers scientists a comprehensive lookback through much of cosmic history. The earliest, most distant supernovae in the dataset gleam forth from 10.7 billion light years away, meaning from when the universe was roughly a quarter of its current age. In that earlier era, dark matter and its associated gravity held the universe’s expansion rate in check. Such state of affairs changed dramatically over the next several billion years as the influence of dark energy overwhelmed that of dark matter. Dark energy has since flung the contents of the cosmos ever-farther apart and at an ever-increasing rate.

“With this combined Pantheon+ dataset, we get a precise view of the universe from the time when it was dominated by dark matter to when the universe became dominated by dark energy,” says Brout. “This dataset is a unique opportunity to see dark energy turn on and drive the evolution of the cosmos on the grandest scales up through present time.”

Studying this changeover now with even stronger statistical evidence will hopefully lead to new insights into dark energy’s enigmatic nature.

“Pantheon+ is giving us our best chance to date of constraining dark energy, its origins, and its evolution,” says Brout.

BY Adam Hadhazy

Tags: darkEnergyprecize
ADVERTISEMENT
The FINANCIAL News

The FINANCIAL News

Related Posts

About a third of Americans would tell a high schooler seeking career advice to enter a STEM-related field
Education

Recruitment firms are not effective if you want to make a big career change

by The FINANCIAL
May 25, 2023
0

Recruitment firms do not help professionals to make big changes in their careers, such as switching to a completely different...

Read more
10 Reasons the Energy Mix Matters Now More Than Ever

10 Reasons the Energy Mix Matters Now More Than Ever

May 3, 2023
Screening strategy may predict lethal prostate cancer later in life

Algorithms and robots are missing relational expertise

May 3, 2023
Young men who continue their education are 52% less likely to commit crime

Young men who continue their education are 52% less likely to commit crime

May 1, 2023
Next Post
Tobacco and eye health don’t mix

Vouchers help to quit smoking in pregnancy

Please login to join discussion
ADVERTISEMENT
  • Trending
  • Comments
  • Latest
Find Social Security Number by Name Free

Find Social Security Number by Name Free

November 23, 2022
Most Northwest Drivers Aren’t Worried about Car Prowls

The Illinois-based insurer remains the largest US private auto writer

May 8, 2023
Humana shares on the up as earnings show Medicare growth

Humana shares on the up as earnings show Medicare growth

May 8, 2023
How to Check KRA Pin Using ID Number

How to Check KRA Pin Using ID Number

June 25, 2018
EasyJet to fly to London from Stockholm Arlanda

The London Diplomatic List, Addresses, Contacts & Working Hours

January 23, 2023
How to optimize business costs with Intranet implementation?

Protected: 5 Key Advantages of Contact Center Solutions Every Business Must Know

May 30, 2023
New direction in the construction and development market of Georgia – “Prestige” series from “Maqro Construction”

New direction in the construction and development market of Georgia – “Prestige” series from “Maqro Construction”

May 26, 2023
Long-term international migration, provisional: year ending December 2022

Long-term international migration, provisional: year ending December 2022

May 26, 2023
putin_copy_copy.jpg

Blow for Putin as UK marks one year free from Russian gas

May 25, 2023
About a third of Americans would tell a high schooler seeking career advice to enter a STEM-related field

Recruitment firms are not effective if you want to make a big career change

May 25, 2023

Popular Last 24h

  • Find Social Security Number by Name Free

    Find Social Security Number by Name Free

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • A new study has named Montana the best state in America to start a business

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • The London Diplomatic List, Addresses, Contacts & Working Hours

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • Swedish banks’ commercial property problem loans lowest in Europe – EBA

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • The Illinois-based insurer remains the largest US private auto writer

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • Memorandum between the “Toradze Foundation” and “Georgian Chanting Foundation” has been signed

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • How to optimize business costs with Intranet implementation?

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0

LATEST POSTS

How to optimize business costs with Intranet implementation?

Protected: 5 Key Advantages of Contact Center Solutions Every Business Must Know

May 30, 2023
New direction in the construction and development market of Georgia – “Prestige” series from “Maqro Construction”

New direction in the construction and development market of Georgia – “Prestige” series from “Maqro Construction”

May 26, 2023
Long-term international migration, provisional: year ending December 2022

Long-term international migration, provisional: year ending December 2022

May 26, 2023
putin_copy_copy.jpg

Blow for Putin as UK marks one year free from Russian gas

May 25, 2023
About a third of Americans would tell a high schooler seeking career advice to enter a STEM-related field

Recruitment firms are not effective if you want to make a big career change

May 25, 2023
Home values in U.S. decline for second month as competition eases

Understanding The True Cost of Buying a Home Warranty

May 25, 2023
Formal Credit Channels Remain a Double-Edged Sword for Consumers

Formal Credit Channels Remain a Double-Edged Sword for Consumers

May 25, 2023
Hassan Jameel

Protected: Abdul Latif Jameel Energy’s FRV Expands Operations in Europe

May 23, 2023
First wiring map of neurons in insect brain complete

Brain signatures for chronic pain identified in a small group of individuals

May 22, 2023
New York Allows Sale Of Alcoholic Beverages During Coronavirus Shutdown As Market Shrinks To $528 Billion

Scrapping retained EU red tape on wine to unlock £180 million

May 21, 2023

LATEST INTERVIEWS

“EU membership might attract European banks and other financial institutions to enter Georgia” – NBG Vice Governor Papuna Lezhava

“EU membership might attract European banks and other financial institutions to enter Georgia” – NBG Vice Governor Papuna Lezhava

by The FINANCIAL
May 15, 2023
0

“As a member of the ProCredit Group, we provide significant advantages to SME’s, by partnering with EU organizations” – Giorgi Kardenakhlishvili, Head of Medium Business Development, ProCredit Bank Georgia

“As a member of the ProCredit Group, we provide significant advantages to SME’s, by partnering with EU organizations” – Giorgi Kardenakhlishvili, Head of Medium Business Development, ProCredit Bank Georgia

by The FINANCIAL
May 15, 2023
0

‘Russia cannot be treated as a reasonable and reliable trade partner

‘Russia cannot be treated as a reasonable and reliable trade partner

by The FINANCIAL
February 13, 2023
0

We should increase our joint efforts to assist the growing tech sector here in Georgia

We should increase our joint efforts to assist the growing tech sector here in Georgia

by The FINANCIAL
February 13, 2023
0

‘Georgia has much to offer to UK investors

‘Georgia has much to offer to UK investors

by The FINANCIAL
February 13, 2023
0

‘The best way for the Georgian economy to prosper is to join the EU

‘The best way for the Georgian economy to prosper is to join the EU

by The FINANCIAL
February 13, 2023
0

‘The Kremlin wants Georgia to fail or abandon its European path

‘The Kremlin wants Georgia to fail or abandon its European path

by The FINANCIAL
February 13, 2023
0

Russian Patriarch Kirill Says Dying In Ukraine ‘Washes Away All Sins’

Interview: Why Putin Might Prefer A Stalemate To Going Nuclear On Ukraine

by The FINANCIAL
October 22, 2022
0

Newsletter

ADVERTISEMENT

GET IN TOUCH

E-mail your company news at:

news (at) financial.ge Letters to the Editor: editor (at) finchannel.com

Local Marketing contact:

(+99532) 2252 275 | 76 EXT: 1 (+995 558) 03 03 03 (mobile) marketing (at) finchannel.com

Requests from abroad:

(+99532) 2252 275 | 76 EXT: 7 (+995599) 96 52 52 Email: zviadi (@) finchannel.com Contact video editor: E-mail: video (at) financial.ge

Postal address: 17 Mtskheta str. Tbilisi, Georgia 0179 The FINANCIAL

RESOURCE

  • Work at the FINANCIAL
  • ePaper
  • Advertise in The FINANCIAL
  • Access ePaper
  • Guest posts
  • Contributed articles
  • AmericanStockNews
  • Coupon Codes
  • GLOSSY MAG
American Culture Center
ACC Partner

GUIDEBOOK

  • Meet our team
  • Invest in Georgia
  • Become contributor
  • Archive

FOLLOW US

  • Facebook
  • Twitter
  • Google+
  • Youtube
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Business
    • BANKS
      • GeoBanks
    • Finance
    • Insurance
    • Markets
    • Pharmacy
    • Press Releases
    • RealEstate
    • RealEstate
    • Finance
    • Insurance
    • Banks
      • GeoBanks
    • Markets
    • Press Releases
    • Personal Finance
  • World
    • America
    • Europe
    • Georgia
      • Media
    • Ukraine
    • Europe
    • Georgia
      • Media
    • Ukraine
    • Americas
    • UK local news
  • Travel
    • Hotels in Georgia
    • Tours in Georgia
  • Videos
    • Promos
    • Soundslides
    • TheClinics
    • TheHoteliers
    • TheUniversities
    • TheHoteliers
    • TheClinics
    • TheUniversities
    • BestWorkplaces
    • Soundslides
    • Promos
    • Banking Forum
      • Promos
      • Soundslides
      • TheClinics
      • TheHoteliers
      • TheUniversities
  • Opinion
    • Editorial
      • Analysis
      • GORBI
      • OP-ED
      • VISA Editorial
    • Analysis
    • Gorbi
    • Book reviews
  • Tech
  • Interview
  • People
    • CityLife
    • Health & Beauty
      • Coronavirus
    • LifeStyle
    • Employment
      • MyCareer
    • Education
    • Media
    • Celebrities
  • Oil&Auto
    • Auto
    • Energy
  • EN
    • EN
    • GE

© 2023 JNews - Premium WordPress news & magazine theme by Jegtheme.

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In
This website uses cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. Visit our Privacy and Cookie Policy.