The FINANCIAL — Results of the Phase III INSIST study show that Onbrez Breezhaler (indacaterol) given once-daily is significantly better at improving lung function and reducing breathlessness than twice-daily salmeterol[1], one of the current mainstays of treatment for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Patients with COPD using the novel Onbrez Breezhaler were also able to reduce their use of rescue medication compared to those using salmeterol[1], a widely prescribed drug in the long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) class. Onbrez Breezhaler has been described in scientific literature as the first "ultra-LABA" reflecting its longer duration of action compared to older LABAs[2].
Data from the INSIST study involving 1,123 patients aged 40 years or above in seven countries were presented today at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) congress in Barcelona, Spain. Results showed that Onbrez Breezhaler 150 µg once-daily provided superior 24-hour bronchodilation to salmeterol 50 µg twice-daily at the end of 12 weeks' treatment[1].
"Patients with COPD require treatment that combines a sustained improvement in lung function with better clinical outcomes," said the study's principal investigator, Dr Stephanie Korn from the Pulmonary Department at Mainz University Hospital in Germany. "The results of INSIST confirm that indacaterol is potentially an attractive maintenance treatment option for these patients."
COPD is a progressive, life-threatening disease associated with tobacco smoking, air pollution or occupational exposure, which causes obstruction of airflow in the lungs resulting in debilitating bouts of breathlessness. Although often considered a disease of the elderly, research has shown that a majority of COPD patients are under the age of 65[3], when they are likely to be at the peak of their earning power and family responsibilities.
INSIST was a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, head-to-head study involving patients with moderate-to-severe COPD (as defined by the GOLD 2007 criteria[4]). The study met its primary endpoint with Onbrez Breezhaler giving superior bronchodilation to salmeterol at week 12[1]. This was assessed by measuring patients' forced expiratory volume of breath in one second (FEV1) from five minutes to 11 hours 45 minutes post-dose (mean difference in FEV1 area under curve 60 mL, p<0.001)[1]. Onbrez Breezhaler showed superiority for this assessment in all subgroups of patients[1].
In addition, Onbrez Breezhaler significantly increased the proportion of patients with a clinically relevant reduction in breathlessness compared to salmeterol (69.4% vs. 62.7% achieved a score of at least one in the transition dyspnea index, p<0.05), and the number of days on which patients did not require rescue medication (mean difference 4.4%, p<0.05)[1]. Both treatments were well tolerated in the study[1].
"By demonstrating the benefits that Onbrez Breezhaler can bring to patients with COPD, this study affirms our confidence in this medicine and in the indacaterol-based combination therapies currently under development," said Trevor Mundel, MD, Global Head of Development at Novartis AG. "Novartis is committed to providing innovative treatment options for patients with COPD and their physicians as part of our long-standing involvement in the field of respiratory medicine."
The INSIST study findings are supported by recently published data from the 26-week INLIGHT-2 Phase III study involving 1,002 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD[5]. In this study, Onbrez Breezhaler 150 µg once-daily provided a greater improvement in lung function after 12 weeks than salmeterol 50 µg twice-daily or placebo (24-hour trough FEV1 increased by 60 mL more than salmeterol and 170 mL more than placebo, both p<0.001)[5]. Safety profiles were similar across the treatment groups and both active treatments were well tolerated[5].
Onbrez Breezhaler is approved in more than 40 countries including the European Union, Switzerland, Australia, India, Indonesia, Korea, and a number of countries in Latin America. It is indicated in Europe for the maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in adult patients with COPD[6]. US approval is subject to the FDA's review of additional clinical data that Novartis expects to file by the end of 2010.
In clinical studies, the most commonly reported adverse reactions with Onbrez Breezhaler were nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, cough and headache[6].
COPD affects 210 million people worldwide[7] and is projected to be the third leading cause of death by 2020[8]. The symptoms cause profound disability and COPD is a major burden on individual patients, their families, and society at large. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are a key priority, because although COPD is incurable, the disease is manageable with appropriate therapies.
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